Infographie

Images SVG

Créer un texte vectoriel SVG avec Illustrator

Malheureusement, même si la technique est ultra-simple et que le résultat est absolument fantastique et impeccable, il faut sortir le portefeuille. Pour acheter la suite de logiciels « Creative Suite » d’Adobe ou du moins Illustrator et Photoshop! Un bon 1000 € mais aussi disponible à un cout "plus abordable" (s’il y a quelque chose de PAS abordable c’est bien Adobe!) avec la solution « Creative Cloud » à partir de 24⁵⁹€ /mois.

Il faut vectoriser le texte ou les images avant d’en faire un fichier SVG! C’est là tout le secret car c’est loin d’être évident. Si les solutions ne manque pas, c’est surtout l’image en tant que telle qui est gage de succès. Une image monochrome, 2D, idéalement un Bitmap. Un logo par exemple... À l’opposé, une photographie jpeg ne pourra jamais donner de bon résultat par exemple.

Photoshop pour la conversion vectorielle

Photoshop a la vertu de pouvoir convertir un texte en vecteur en un seul clic.

1. Créer un nouveau document dans Photoshop ctrl-N.

2. L’image sera vectorielle alors la grandeur importe peu à part permettre plus de détails. Mais il ne faut pas hésiter à travailler sur de moyennement grosses images. Idéalement en point. Par exemple 400 x 200 points (RGB). Par contre les proportions sont importantes dans la mesure où le texte ne peut plus être modifié et particulièrement en raison du caractère austère des « tracés vectoriels » basé sur une position X / Y. Réajuster à la main des listes de nombres est une perte de temps considérable.

3. Important, utiliser un fond transparent (background).

4. Il suffit d’écrire un texte tout à fait normal avec l’outil .

5. Conversion de texte en forme (convert to shape). Sélectionnez un calque de texte, puis choisissez Texte > Convertir en forme pour la version CS6 ou Calque > Texte > Convertir en forme pour la version CS5. Remarque : vous ne pouvez pas créer de formes à partir de polices sans données vectorielles (telles que les polices bitmap).

6. Sauvegarder le tout en format .EPS que l’application Illustrator devra récupérer.

NOTE : Lors de la conversion du texte, le calque de texte est remplacé par un calque utilisant un « masque vectoriel ». Vous pouvez modifier le masque vectoriel et lui appliquer des styles, mais vous ne pouvez plus modifier les caractères du texte.

Illustrator, la conversion SVG

Maintenant il ne reste plus qu’à récupérer notre texte vectoriel créé à partir de Photoshop et de le sauver en format SVG! Pourquoi Photoshiop ne permet pas de sauvegarder en format SVG et pourquoi Illustrator ne permet pas de convertir un texte en vectoriel me laisse pour le moins perplexe!

1. IMPORTANT : Créer un nouveau document aux même dimensions que l’image Photoshop, c’est à dire 400x200 points.

2. Ouvrez le fichier créé avec Photoshop dans ce document.

3. Sauver le fichier en format SVG, sans plus, fermer Illustrator!

Bloc-note

L’idée est de récupérer le code généré par Illustrator. Illustrator utilise, entre autre, un tracé (path) pour dessiné le vecteur. Il faut récupérer seulement cette balise. Ouvrez le fichier SVG généré par Illustrator dans votre éditeur de texte préféré et récupérer le code ou la balise path Ex :

<path d="[et une série de coordonnées séparées par une virgule.]"/>

Et de copier le tout à l’intérieur d’une balise SVG :

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Exemple SVG

Héhé, ce n’est pas le meilleurs exemple, un peu long comme balise pour une simple image ;-) L’exemple fait 32 ko au lieu du 8 ko de la même image en format PNG transparent. Mais l’effet sans contredit très impressionnant!

Exemple PNG (300px × 75px)

Références

• Wikipedia - Image vectorielle
• Visual Consistency and Setup - Build an Awesome Icon Set, Part 1 par Dave Gandy
• 6 Tips for Designing Crisp, Readable Icons - Build an Awesome Icon Set, Part 2 par Dave Gandy

Applications

• Adobe - « Creative Suite »
• Adobe - « Photoshop CC »
• Adobe - « Illustrator CC »

Applications (gratuite)

• GIMP - The GNU Image Manipulation Program
• Inkscape
• Delineate - raster to SVG converter

Services en ligne plus ou moins gratuits

• Online-convert - Convertisseur Image
• Precision Bitmap To Vector Conversion Online - Vector Magic
• Adobe - « Creative Cloud »